Initial data show that lithium cells with carbon cathodes and l,3-dioxolane-based electrolytes can be a primary lithium battery with the rate capability and discharge capacity of a Li/SOCl2 battery but with a non-corrosive electrolyte and 25% secondary capacity. This new class of lithium batteries provides NASA with a practical long-life, high power/energy density, safe power source for use in space. How carbon- electrolyte-solute interactions affect the extent of reversible lithium intercalation and the cathode potential on discharge have been determined. Additionally the performance characteristics of lithium cells which utilize carbon cathodes and l,3-dioxolane- based catholytes have been identified. The major advantage of the use of these cell components are increased cell safety, lower cost, lower corrosion hazard on cell rupture, and significant secondary capacity in a high-rate primary cell. By screening a number of l,3-dioxolane-based catholytes and carbon types by CV, the best combinations have been identified, and those combinations evaluated in primary and secondary cell discharge tests.STATUS: Phase I Only
