Recent developments in semiconductor materials research has yielded solid-state light emitting diodes (LEDs) that are potentially more energy efficient and reliable than conventional lighting using incandescents and fluorescents. LED devices are currently manufactured as small die (less than 1 mm on a side). The problem is to scale-up high-efficiency LEDs in low-cost manufacturing processes so they are economic and large enough for general-purpose lighting applications. Conducting wires can be coated with silicon, germanium, and compound semiconductor layers using chemical vapor deposition, solution growth, and/or melt growth processes to produce high-efficiency LEDs in shapes compatible with contemporary lighting fixtures. Prototype p-n junction LEDs in at least two semiconductor materials systems will be produced and characterized structurally, optically, and electrically. Device designs and models will be developed to optimize performance and assess potential. Manufacturing issues will be identified in both device design and process development.
Commercial Applications and Other Benefits as described by the awardee: The technology developed has significant potential and will find other applications in solar cells, thermophotovoltaics, and large-area detector arrays.
