Phase II year
2022
(last award dollars: 2023)
Phase II Amount
$1,626,195
11.8 million Americans aged 12 or older reported opioid misuse in 2016. Over 40,000 people died due to opioid-related overdoses in 2016, up 345% from 2001 to 2016. Prescription opioids have historically served as an onboarding ramp to drugs with a high-risk of overdose, including heroin and the highly potent and accessible, fentanyl. Strikingly, 21 to 29 percent of patients prescribed opioids for chronic pain misuse or overuse them and individuals with a history of prescription opioid abuse are 40 times more likely to abuse heroin. In the workplace, prescription opioids for pain made up an average of 85% of prescribed pain medications according to state-level workers' compensation claims, and injured workers are issued opioid prescriptions at a rate three times the national average. Construction trade workers, a 95.9% male-dominated industry, exhibit the highest rates of opioid dispensing in workers' compensation claims and registered nurses and certified nursing assistants, made up of 90% women, report the greatest number of non-fatal work-related injuries. To date, no evidence-based interventions targeting industries with a high-risk for prescription opioid misuse and/or overuse, based on injury and prescribing rates, exist. Thus, there is a critical need for an engaging, scalable, evidence-based intervention for the prevention of prescription opioid misuse and/or overuse among high-risk workforce populations, namely, construction trade workers and employees in nursing. Evidence-based mHealth interventions are an effective intervention delivery method for high-risk health behavior interventions. The objective of this proposed research is to develop an optimized, highly effective, mHealth intervention designed to prevent prescription opioid use among workers in industries with a high risk for injury and opioid prescribing. The research and development performed in the proposed Phase II project will result in a fully designed, optimized, and evaluated, market-ready product to be implemented among high- risk industries. The specific aims of this study are to 1) Develop the remaining two fully functional intervention components targeting motivational factors associated with intentions to use prescription opioid medications for pain; 2) Optimize and evaluate the intervention lessons. At the completion of the proposed research and development, our expected outcome is to have demonstrated scientific and technical merit for the first evidence-based intervention for preventing prescription opioid misuse and/or overuse among workers of high- risk industries.
Public Health Relevance Statement: PROJECT NARRATIVE This project will significantly and positively contribute to a body of research aimed at preventing prescription opioid misuse and overuse among vulnerable, industry specific workforces. This project will result in the development of an optimized mobile health prescription opioid misuse and overuse prevention intervention for construction workers, nurses, and nurse assistants. At the conclusion of the study, the optimized intervention will be readily available to organizations supporting the health of workers within at-risk industries.
Project Terms: Opiate Dependence; opioid addiction; opioid dependence; opioid dependent; Opiate Addiction; American; Employee; Heroin Abuse; R.N.; Registered nurse; Prevention; Reporting; Modeling; Sampling; Intervention Strategies; interventional strategy; Intervention; preventing; prevent; Address; Dose; Data; NIDA; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Preventative intervention; intervention for prevention; prevention intervention; preventional intervention strategy; preventive intervention; randomisation; randomization; randomly assigned; Randomized; Development; developmental; Behavioral; injured; digital; design; designing; Outcome; Expectancy; Population; aged; innovation; innovate; innovative; Evidence based intervention; therapy design; intervention design; treatment design; prototype; high risk; effective intervention; evidence base; prescription opioid abuse; opioid medication abuse; opioid prescription drug abuse; prescription opiate abuse; prescription opioid; licit opioid; opiate medication; opioid medication; prescribed opiate; prescribed opioid; prescription opiate; mHealth; m-Health; mobile health; mobile application; mobile app; mobile device application; opioid use disorder; opiate use disorder; substance misuse prevention; prevent substance misuse; opioid use; opiate consumption; opiate drug use; opiate intake; opiate use; opioid consumption; opioid drug use; opioid intake; pain symptom; painful symptom; experimental study; experiment; experimental research; opioid epidemic; opiate crisis; opioid crisis; opioid overdose; opiate overdose; opiate related overdose; opioid drug overdose; opioid induced overdose; opioid intoxication; opioid medication overdose; opioid poisoning; opioid related overdose; opioid toxicity; recruit; patient-clinician communication; patient-doctor communication; patient-provider communication; overdose risk; prescription opioid misuse; non-medical use of prescription opiates; non-medical use of prescription opioids; nonmedical use of prescription opiates; nonmedical use of prescription opioids; opioid analgesic misuse; opioid medication misuse; opioid prescription medication misuse; prescription opiate misuse; opioid misuse; non-medical opioid use; nonmedical opioid use; opiate misuse; opioid overuse; multiple data sources; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID crisis; COVID epidemic; COVID pandemic; COVID-19 crisis; COVID-19 epidemic; COVID-19 global health crisis; COVID-19 global pandemic; COVID-19 health crisis; COVID-19 public health crisis; COVID19 crisis; COVID19 epidemic; COVID19 global health crisis; COVID19 global pandemic; COVID19 health crisis; COVID19 pandemic; COVID19 public health crisis; SARS-CoV-2 epidemic; SARS-CoV-2 global health crisis; SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic; SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; SARS-CoV2 epidemic; SARS-CoV2 pandemic; SARS-coronavirus-2 epidemic; SARS-coronavirus-2 pandemic; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 epidemic; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 pandemic; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic; corona virus disease 2019 epidemic; corona virus disease 2019 pandemic; coronavirus disease 2019 crisis; coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic; coronavirus disease 2019 global health crisis; coronavirus disease 2019 global pandemic; coronavirus disease 2019 health crisis; coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic; coronavirus disease 2019 public health crisis; coronavirus disease crisis; coronavirus disease epidemic; coronavirus disease pandemic; coronavirus disease-19 global pandemic; coronavirus disease-19 pandemic; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global health crisis; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global pandemic; multiphase optimization strategy; chronic pain management; chronic pain control; chronic pain intervention; chronic pain therapy; chronic pain treatment; treat chronic pain; Helping to End Addiction Long-term; HEAL Initiative; Helping End Addiction Long-term; Helping End Addiction Longterm; Helping to End Addiction Longterm; intervention delivery; pilot test; Overdose reversal; reverse overdose; Adult; 21+ years old; Adult Human; adulthood; Analgesics; Analgesic Agents; Analgesic Drugs; Analgesic Preparation; Anodynes; Antinociceptive Agents; Antinociceptive Drugs; pain killer; pain medication; pain reliever; painkiller; Opioid Analgesics; opiate analgesia; opiate analgesic; opiate pain medication; opiate pain reliever; opioid analgesia; opioid anesthetic; opioid pain medication; opioid pain reliever; opioid painkiller; Back; Dorsum; Behavior Therapy; Behavior Conditioning Therapy; Behavior Modification; Behavior Treatment; Behavioral Conditioning Therapy; Behavioral Modification; Behavioral Therapy; Behavioral Treatment; Conditioning Therapy; behavior intervention; behavioral intervention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); CDC; Centers for Disease Control; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United States Centers for Disease Control; United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Heroin; Diacetylmorphine; Diamorphine; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Drugs; Medication; Pharmaceutic Preparations; drug/agent; Exhibits; Fentanyl; Actiq; Duragesic; Fentanest; Fentyl; Phentanyl; Fracture; bone fracture; Goals; Health; Health behavior; health related behavior; Recording of previous events; History; Incidence; Industry; Laws; male; Mental Health; Mental Hygiene; Psychological Health; Methods; mortality; Motivation; Musculoskeletal Diseases; musculoskeletal disorder; Myocardial Infarction; Cardiac infarction; Myocardial Infarct; cardiac infarct; coronary attack; coronary infarct; coronary infarction; heart attack; heart infarct; heart infarction; Naloxone; Persons; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; NIH; National Institutes of Health; United States National Institutes of Health; nurse; Nurses; Nursing; Nursing Field; Nursing Profession; Discipline of Nursing; Overdose; Painful; Pain; Patients; QOL; Quality of life; Ramp; Recommendation; Research; Development and Research; R & D; R&D; research and development; Risk; Safety; Technology; Testing; Time; Woman; Work; Workers' Compensation; Workmans Compensation; Workmen's Compensation; Workmens Compensation; Privacy; Drug Monitoring; Withdrawal Symptom; chronic pain; Caring; Law Enforcement; Workplace; Job Location; Job Place; Job Setting; Job Site; Work Location; Work Place; Work-Site; Worksite; work setting; Guidelines; Injury; injuries; base; improved; Acute Pain; Phase; Ensure; Training; Individual; Opiates; Opioid; Policies; Funding; Knowledge; programs