In mid-December 2022 it was announced that Maxwell Biomedical - a firm developing a new kind of device designed to treat episodes of Atrial Fibrulation (AFib) that are imperceptible to patient - had acquired Cardialen Inc., With facilities in Missouri and Minnesota, Cardialen, Inc. is a medical device company addressing pain-free cardioversion therapy with a focus on atrial fibrillation. The Cardialen effort has been the developmentof an implantable defibrillation therapy using low-electrical energy designed more gently to restore normal heart rhythm and potentially to avoid the negative side-effects of current therapies. The company's products have comprise implantable low-energy, low voltage, pain-free atrial cardioverters, and cardiac leads and defibrillator equipment. Products are used for the treatment of atrial (AF) and ventricular arrhythmias. AF is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide - recently estimated to affect in the US over 3 million people. Unlike ventricular fibrillation (VF), AF is not immediately life threatening. However, AF greatly increases the risk of stroke and premature death, impairs quality of life and generates high healthcare costs. Current therapies (drugs, external cardioversion, catheter ablation and surgery of various types) do not fully meet AF patient needs.